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  • DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS:Hydrogen demand to rise four fold in India by 2050; NITI Aayog report

Hydrogen demand to rise four fold in India by 2050; NITI Aayog report

Tags: National Science and Technology

According to a report released by National Institute of Transforming India (NITI) Aayog and Rocky Mountain Institute India, Hydrogen demand in India is expected to increase fourfold by 2050, representing almost 10% of global demand. 

It expects 52% of the additional demand coming from the steel industry and heavy-duty transportation sectors.


Main points of the Report 

  • The report titled “Harnessing Green Hydrogen: Opportunities for Deep Decarbonisation in India” said green hydrogen will achieve cost parity with natural gas-based hydrogen, also called grey hydrogen, by 2030. 
  •  According to the report, India has a distinct advantage in low-cost renewable energy generation and it makes the country one of the most competitive producers of green hydrogen in the world.
  • NITI Aayog CEO Amitabh Kant said that green hydrogen will empower the green industrial revolution, not only for India but for the world.
  • He said bringing down the cost of hydrogen is a challenge. He said the increase in hydrogen demand will happen much quicker and faster and will increase India’s gas imports.
  •  He added if India wants to decarbonise sectors where 83% of the energy is consumed, there is a need to bring in green hydrogen
  •  According to the report, electricity accounts for 17% of total energy consumption in the country  and 83% is used as coal, gas, and oil in the refinery sector, fertilizers, long-distance transportation, and steel factories.
  • The cumulative market for green hydrogen in India is projected to be $8 billion by 2030 and $340 billion by 2050. 
  • The report said the adoption of green hydrogen could reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 3.6 giga tonnes between 2030 and 2050.
  • The report highlights the facts that India has some of the most competitive levelized costs of electricity in the world and it can benefit from the expansion of green hydrogen production rather than grey or blue hydrogen.

Concept clearing 

Green Hydrogen, Brown Hydrogen, Blue Hydrogen:  

Hydrogen is the first and the smallest element in the periodic table.

Depending upon the production method the colour of the hydrogen can be Green, Brown, Blue or Grey.    

Green Hydrogen 

It refers to the breaking down of the water molecule into hydrogen and oxygen using renewable sources of energy. Renewable source of energy means which can be used again and again like solar power, hydel, wind energy etc. It contains no carbon which is responsible for global warming.

Grey Hydrogen 

Grey hydrogen is created from natural gas, or methane, using steam methane reformation. It produces Hydrogen and Carbon dioxide which is released in the atmosphere.

Blue Hydrogen 

Blue hydrogen is produced mainly from natural gas, using a process called steam reforming, which brings together natural gas and heated water in the form of steam.  It produces hydrogen and carbon dioxide.  

Black and Brown Hydrogen 

When black coal or lignite (brown coal) is used in the hydrogen-making process it is called as black or brown coal. 

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